Four High CC Plants
1.) Sweet Goldenrod (Solidago odora) CC= 8

Sweet Goldenrod
- Leaves are entire and lance shaped, distinct odor, flowers in curved one-sided clusters.
- Sweet Goldenrod was used in tea in the US after the Boston Tea Party. (https://shannontrimboli.com/sweet-goldenrod/)
2.) Beech (Fagus grandifolia) CC= 7

Beech
- Smooth gray bark, many scaled thin buds, alternate simple leaves, and triangular nuts.
- Excellent wood used to produce barrels, furniture, and railroad ties. (https://www.gardenguides.com/129396-hickory-tree-leaf-identification.html)
3.) Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) CC= 6

Sweetgum
- Alternate palmate leaves, shiny and five pointed with finely toothed lobes. Distinct fruit.
- Sweetgum produces resin that has been used for folk medicine and in chewing gum. (https://homeguides.sfgate.com/sweet-gum-tree-27329.html)
4.) Tulip-Tree (Liriodendron tulipifera) CC= 6

Tulip-Tree
- Notched tip, 4 pointed leaves, pith chambered, and twigs hairless. Opposite and Simple.
- Tulip-Tree is the state tree of Kentucky, Indiana, and Tennessee. (https://www.hunker.com/12212749/tulip-tree-facts)
Four Low CC Plants
1.) Black Locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) CC= 0

Black Locust
- Egg-shaped compound leaves, paired thorns, and end buds false.
- Black Locust is a nitrogen fixer so it provides an essential ecologic duty. (https://extension.umn.edu/identify-invasive-species/black-locust)
2.) White Pine (Pinus strobus) CC= 0

White Pine
- Needles 2″-4″ occurring in bundles of 5, slender cones, and thornless.
- The White Pine is known as the “Tree of Peace” by the Iroquois people. (https://www.coniferousforest.com/eastern-white-pine.htm#:~:text=Quick%20Information%20%20%20Other%20Names%20%20,Up%20to%203%20%2012%20more%20rows%20)
3.) Common Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) CC= 0

Common Dandelion
- Flower heads 1-2″, outer bracts turned downward, and abundant weed.
- Common Dandelions are known to open in the mornings and close at night. (http://justfunfacts.com/interesting-facts-about-dandelions/#:~:text=Dandelion%20is%20a%20common%20meadow%20herb%20of%20the,closes%20in%20the%20evening%20to%20go%20to%20sleep.)
4.) White Clover (Trifolium repens) CC= 0

White Clover
- White flowers in dense heads, leaflets 3, and fine toothed.
- White Clover is a choice food for deer and elk. (https://plants.usda.gov/factsheet/pdf/fs_trre3.pdf)
Invasive Species
1.) Chicory (Cichorium intybus) CC= 0

Chicory
- Blue rays that are toothed at the tips and large flower heads.
- Chicory is native to North Africa, Europe, and Asia. (https://www.softschools.com/facts/plants/chicory_facts/1165/)
2.) Tartarian Honeysuckle (Lonicera tatarica) CC= 0

Tartarian Honeysuckle
- Leaves smooth beneath, deeply lobed flowers, and leaves egg-shaped.
- Tartarian Hineysuckle was introduced from China in 1845. (https://gobotany.nativeplanttrust.org/species/lonicera/tatarica/#:~:text=Characteristics.%201%20there%20are%20no%20superposed%20buds%20on,2.2%20the%20winter%20buds%20are%20ovoid%20%28egg-shaped%29%20)
3.) Amur Honeysuckle (Lonicera mackii) CC= 0

Amur Honeysuckle
- Long-stalked pairs of flowers growing on axils, flowers tubular, and leaves oblong.
- Amur Honeysuckle was planted as an ornamental plants in New York in the 1800s, but soon became naturalized to the Midwest. (https://www.mda.state.mn.us/plants/pestmanagement/weedcontrol/noxiouslist/amurhoneysuckle)
Geobotany
1.) Eastern Red-Cedar (Juniperus virginiana) CC= 3

Eastern Red-Cedar
- Red-Cedar is common on limy substrates.
- Scale-like and longer leaves, sharply 3 sided, and needle-like.
- Red-cedars provide fruits that are eaten by cedar waxwings. (https://www.coniferousforest.com/eastern-red-cedar.htm)
2.) Beech (Fagus grandifolia) CC= 7

Beech
- Beech is common in high lime, clay-rich substrates.
- Smooth gray bark, many scaled thin buds, alternate simple leaves, and triangular nuts.
- Excellent wood used to produce barrels, furniture, and railroad ties. (https://www.gardenguides.com/129396-hickory-tree-leaf-identification.html)
3.) Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum) CC= 5

Sugar Maple
- Sugar Maple is common on high lime, clay-rich substrates.
- Leaves are deeply 5-lobed, opposite, and simple.
- Sugar Maples are susceptible to galls and cankers from fungus infections. (https://gardenerdy.com/sugar-maple-tree-facts/ )
4.) White Oak (Quercus alba) CC= 6

White Oak
- White Oak is common on high lime, clay-rich substrates.
- Evenly lobed leaves, twigs hairless, and acorn cup bowl-shaped.
- White Oaks can reach 50-100 feet tall and 50-80 feet wide when mature. (https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/trees/oak/white-oak-tree-facts.htm)